Category: Pacific Science

Pacific Science, vol. 71, no. 4 (October 2017)

Posted on by uhpjclerk
A visual interpretation for a spatial model of the social-ecological zones (wao kanaka, wao lā`au, wao nāhele, wao kele, wao akua) implemented during the aliʻi-era for the ahupuaʻa of Hāʻena, Haleleʻa, Kauaʻi. This model is being used by contemporary resource managers to inform large-scale biocultural conservation and forest restoration efforts within this social-ecological system (see Winter & Lucas, this issue for additional details; image credit: Ben Nyberg).

The October 2017 issue of Pacific Science begins with a Special Feature, which includes seven open-access articles available on Project MUSE and Bio-One.

Special Feature: Scaling Up Restoration Efforts in the Pacific Islands (Open-Access)

Continue reading “Pacific Science, vol. 71, no. 4 (October 2017)”

Pacific Science, vol. 71, no. 3 (July 2017)

Posted on by journals
From Demography of Marine Turtles in the Nearshore Environments of the Northern Mariana Islands, an open access article in this issue. Clockwise from bottom left: nearshore capture locations in relation to benthic habitat of ( A) Saipan, (B) Tinian, and (C ) Rota, and (D) an image of the free diver hand capturing a juvenile green turtle. Green and orange dots depict capture locations for green and hawksbill turtles, respectively. Shading indicates benthic habitat.

 

This quarter’s issue of Pacific Science includes Demography of Marine Turtles in the Nearshore Environments of the Northern Mariana Islands, an open-access article; and an online-only supplemental for Methods for Measuring Bird-Mediated Seed Rain: Insights from a Hawaiian Mesic Forest.

The open-access article examines honu:

In the western Pacific, green (Chelonia mydas) and hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) sea turtles are listed as Endangered under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA). Population data are limited for both species throughout the entire region and particularly in the Philippine Sea. This study characterizes size class distribution, growth rates, habitat use, behavior, diet, and site fidelity of foraging aggregations of green and hawksbill turtles in nearshore habitats of Saipan, Tinian, and Rota in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI ). Between August 2006 and February 2014, we captured 642 turtles (493 green and 36 hawksbill turtles). … This is the first study within the CNMI to report on morphometric data and diet composition of marine turtles. These results provide an assessment of green and hawksbill turtle population demographics and habitat use in the CNMI.

Scholarly articles in this issue:

Continue reading “Pacific Science, vol. 71, no. 3 (July 2017)”

Pacific Science, vol. 71, no. 2 (2017)

Posted on by alphabex
Adult specimens of Eriocheir ogasawaraensis, endemic to the Ogasawara Islands, collected in March, 2004, in Chichi-jima, Ogasawara, Japan, in dorsal view: female, 82 mm in carapace width (upper), male, 81 mm in carapace width (lower). Kobayashi and Satake in this issue compare the morphology of this endemic crab to that of its ontinental congener, the Japanese mitten crab, Eriocheir japonica, finding differences in sexual dimorphism. Photo: Satoshi Kobayashi.

This quarterly issue of Pacific Science explores new research about Pacific crabs, fish, plankton, birds, grass, frogs, and eels.

The opening article examines fish in the aftermath of the 2011 Tohoku 9.0 magnitude earthquake and tsunami at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. From the abstract:

Thirteen commonly consumed types of fish caught in the North Pacific and locally available in Hawai‘i were analyzed using gamma spectroscopy to measure Fukushima-derived and historic 134Cs and 137Cs isotopes. All fish samples had detectable 137Cs above 95% confidence intervals. Three out of the thirteen samples had 134Cs, an isotope indicative of Fukushima releases, detected above 95% confidence intervals. The highest 134Cs and 137Cs concentration in the examined species was in ‘ahi tuna, carrying 0.10 ± 0.04 Bq/ kg and 0.62 ± 0.05 Bq/ kg, respectively. Other samples with 134Cs activities found above their 2-sigma uncertainty were albacore tuna and swordfish. Historic and Fukushima-derived contributions were evaluated, and in several samples the Fukushima-derived radiocesium dominated the total radiocesium inventory with up to 61% contribution. All activities were below derived intervention limits of 1,200 Bq/ kg, and the doses to humans from consuming the fish attributable to radiocesium were 0.02 – 0.2 μ Sv, in comparison to 6 – 20 μ Sv contributed by the natural 40K present in the same fish.

Scholarly articles in this issue:

Continue reading “Pacific Science, vol. 71, no. 2 (2017)”

Pacific Science, vol. 71, no. 1 (2017)

Posted on by uhpjclerk
From ‘Range Expansion of the Small Carpenter Bee Ceratina smaragdula across the Hawaiian Archipelago with Potential Ecological Implications for Native Pollinator Systems’ in this issue. Female (left) and male (right) Ceratina (Pithitis) smaragdula: face, a, b; dorsal view, c, d; lateral view, e, f. Body length is between 6 and 8 mm on average. Note relatively prominent facial maculation and black abdominal patches of the male.

Preview Pacific Science, vol. 71 no. 1 with the following article free for all from Bio-One:

New Species of Stylasterid (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Anthoathecata: Stylasteridae) from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands by Stephen D. Cairns

Also inside this quarter’s issue, Wyatt A. Shell examines small green carpenter bee range expansion in Hawai’i:

Invasive bee species may have a widely detrimental impact on their novel host ecosystem. Introduced bees can rapidly disrupt native plantpollinator mutualisms through competition with indigenous pollinator fauna and facilitation of invasive flora reproduction. […] Here we present a comprehensive synthesis of C. smaragdula’s known biological and ecological history, as well as a population genetic analysis of C. smaragdula from Maui, and from locations across its native range, at the cytochrome oxidase I (COI ) locus. We update C. smaragdula’s known distribution and occurrence elevation in Hawai‘i and reveal a lack of genetic structure between Hawaiian and native range populations.

Scholarly articles in this issue:

Continue reading “Pacific Science, vol. 71, no. 1 (2017)”

Pacific Science, vol. 70, no. 4 (2016)

Posted on by uhpjclerk
From Identity and Distribution of Introduced Slugs ( Veronicellidae) in the Hawaiian and Samoan Islands in this issue. Photographs and drawings of three veronicellid species dissected to show structures used to distinguish them. 1: Veronicella cubensis (representative specimen from Hawai‘i); 2: Laevicaulis alte (representative specimen from Hawai‘i); 3: Sarasinula plebeia [no live specimen was available for dissection; this illustration is of the “plesiotype” of Thomé (1971) in the Muséum nationale d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, mnhn 21307]. Key reproductive structures that differ among the species: a, penis; b, digitiform gland papilla; c, digitiform tubules.

Pacific Science, vol. 70 no. 4 is now available and contains the following articles:

  • Spatial Scale, Genetic Structure, and Speciation of Hawaiian Endemic Yeasts by Marc-André Lachance, Julie D. Collens, Xiao Feng Peng, Alison M. Wardlaw, Lucie Bishop, Lily Y. Hou, and William T. Starmer
  • Alien Insects Dominate the Plant-Pollinator Network of a Hawaiian Coastal Ecosystem by Kimberly Shay, Donald R. Drake, Andrew D. Taylor, Heather F. Sahli, Melody Euaparadorn, Michelle Akamine, Jennifer Imamura, Doug Powless, and Patrick Aldrich
  • Avian Abundances on Yap, Federated States of Micronesia, after Typhoon Sudall by W. Douglas Robinson and Tara R. Robinson
  • Habitat Use and Status of the Bokikokiko or Christmas Island Warbler (Acrocephalus aequinoctialis) by Eric A. VanderWerf, Ray Pierce, Ratita Bebe, and Katareti Taabu
  • Temporal Variation in Macro-Moth Abundance and Species Richness in a Lowland Fijian Forest by Siteri Tikoca, Simon Hodge, Sarah Pene, John Clayton, Marika Tuiwawa, and Gilianne Brodie
  • Seasonal Growth Fluctuations of Four Species of Neritid Gastropods in an Upper Mangrove Estuary, Ishigaki Island, Japan by Yoshitake Takada
  • Identity and Distribution of Introduced Slugs (Veronicellidae) in the Hawaiian and Samoan Islands by Jaynee R. Kim, Kenneth A. Hayes, Norine W. Yeung, and Robert H. Cowie
  • Eleotris bosetoi ( Teleostei: Gobioidei: Eleotridae), a New Species of Freshwater Fish from the Solomon Islands by Marion I. Mennesson, Philippe Keith, Brendan C. Ebner, and Philippe Gerbeaux
  • First Record of Bryozoan Amathia (= Zoobotryon) verticillata (Bryozoa: Vesiculariidae) from Taiwan by Dan Minchin, Ta-Kang Liu, and Muhan Cheng

Continue reading “Pacific Science, vol. 70, no. 4 (2016)”

Pacific Science, vol. 70, no. 3 (2016)

Posted on by uhpjclerk
From article “Biology and Impacts of Pacific Islands Invasive Species,” in this issue. Mikania micrantha flower clusters (top left), seed clusters (top right), seeds (bottom left), and sprouting from a node (bottom right).

Pacific Science, vol. 70 no. 3 is now available and contains the following articles:

  • Biology and Impacts of Pacific Islands Invasive Species. 13. Mikania micrantha Kunth (Asteraceae) by Michael D. Day, David R. Clements, Christine Gile, Wilmot K. A. D. Senaratne, Shicai Shen, Leslie A. Weston, and Fudou Zhang

  • Trends in Marine Foraging in Precontact and Historic Leeward Kohala, Hawai‘i Island by Julie S. Field, Jacqueline N. Lipphardt, and Patrick V. Kirch

  • Patterns of Floral Visitation to Native Hawaiian Plants in Presence and Absence of Invasive Argentine Ants by Heather F. Sahli, Paul D. Krushelnycky, Donald R. Drake, and Andrew D. Taylor

  • Home Range Estimates of Feral Cats (Felis catus) on Rota Island and Determining Asymptotic Convergence by Brian T. Leo, James J. Anderson, Reese Brand Phillips, and Renee R. Ha

  • Nutrient and Organic Matter Inputs to Hawaiian Anchialine Ponds: Influences of N-Fixing and Non-N-Fixing Trees by Kehauwealani K. Nelson-Kaula, Rebecca Ostertag, R. Flint Hughes, and Bruce D. Dudley

  • Feasibility of Using Passive Integrated Transponder Technology for Studying the Ecology of Juvenile Striped Mullet (Mugil cephalus) in Streams by Kauaoa M. S. Fraiola and Stephanie M. Carlson

  • Molecular Phylogeny, Revised Higher Classification, and Implications for Conservation of Endangered Hawaiian Leaf-Mining Moths (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae: Philodoria) by Chris A. Johns, Matthew R. Moore, and Akito Y. Kawahara

  • Helminths of Five Species of Gonocephalus Lizards (Squamata: Agamidae) from Peninsular Malaysia by Stephen R. Goldberg, Charles R. Bursey, and L. Lee Grismer

Continue reading “Pacific Science, vol. 70, no. 3 (2016)”

Pacific Science Call for Papers

Posted on by uhpjclerk
By U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service – Pacific Region
‘I’iwi on native mint in the Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge.

Special Issue: Scaling up Restoration Efforts in the Pacific Regions

Pacific Science , a journal dedicated to biological and physical sciences, is calling for submissions to a special issue focusing on identifying challenges and solutions in the process of scaling up restoration efforts in the Pacific Islands. Continue reading “Pacific Science Call for Papers”

Pacific Science, vol. 70, no. 2 (2016)

Posted on by uhpjclerk
A fourth generation Achatinella fuscobasis born into captivity at the University of Hawai'i’s tree-snail captive rearing facility. This population’s wild counterparts were long ago wiped out by invasive predators. Sischo et al. (this issue) examined genetic and demographic trends in the captive population over a period of more than 20 years (Photo by David R. Sischo).
Photo by David R. Sischo
A fourth generation Achatinella fuscobasis born into captivity at the University of Hawai’i’s tree-snail captive rearing facility. This population’s wild counterparts were long ago wiped out by invasive predators. In this issue David R. Sischo examines genetic and demographic trends in the captive population over a period of more than 20 years.

Pacific Science, Vol. 70#2, April 2016, is now out and contains the following works:

ARTICLES

“Genetic and Demographic Insights into the Decline of a Captive Population of the Endangered Hawaiian Tree Snail Achatinella fuscobasis (Achatinellinae)”
David R. Sischo, Melissa R. Price, Mark- Anthony Pascua, and Michael G. Hadfi eld, 133 Continue reading “Pacific Science, vol. 70, no. 2 (2016)”

Pacific Science, vol. 70, no. 1 (2016)

Posted on by pwilson6

 

PS-70.1_c1&c4_3P.inddPacific Science, Vol. 70#1, January 2016 is now available online in BioOne!

ARTICLES

History, Biology, and Conservation of Pacific Endemics 2. The North Pacific Armorhead, Pentaceros wheeleri (Hardy, 1983) (Perciformes, Pentacerotidae)
Masashi Kiyota, Kazuya Nishida, Chisato Murakami, and Shiroh Yonezaki, 1-20.

Impacts of a Fish Kill at Lake Kutubu, Papua New Guinea
Paul T. Smith, Benedict Y. Imbun, and Fernanda P. Duarte
21-33.

Cetacean Strandings in Korean Waters
Kyung-Fun Song, 35-44.

MtDNA Analysis Suggests Local Origin of Pelagic-Stage Juvenile Green Turtles Collected in Japanese Coastal Waters
Tomoko Hamabata, Tsutomu Hikida, Takashi Ishihara, Isao Kawazu, Yukimasa Nashiki, Katsuki Oki, Toshiyuki Tanaka, Kenjiro Ui, and Naoki Kamezaki, 45-54.

Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of Vegetation Responses to Goat and European Rabbit Eradications on Islands
Daniella Schweizer, Holly P. Jones, and Nick D. Holmes
55-71.

The Caprellid Aciconula acanthosoma (Crustacea: Amphipoda) Associated with Gorgonians from Ecuador, Eastern Pacific
M. Mar Soler-Hurtado and José M. Guerra-García, 73-82.

Pinna rapanui n. sp. (Bivalvia: Pinnidae): The Largest Bivalve Species from Easter Island, South Pacific Ocean, Chile
Juan Francisco Araya and Cecilia Osorio, 83-90.

The Avifauna of Kosrae, Micronesia: History, Status, and Taxonomy
Floyd E. Hayes, H. Douglas Pratt, and Carlos J. Cianchini, 91-127.

Association Affairs, 129-132.

Subscribe to the print edition at:

 https://www.uhpress.hawaii.edu/t-pacific-science

 

Pacific Science, vol. 69, no. 4 (2015)

Posted on by pwilson6

October 2015 issue of Pacific Science now available on BioOne.

ARTICLESPS69_4_cover

The Contemporary Scale and Context of Wildfire in Hawai‘i 
Clay Trauernicht, Elizabeth Pickett, Christian P. Giardina, Creighton M. Litton, Susan Cordell, and Andrew Beavers

Higher Soil Water Availability after Removal of a Dominant, Nonnative Tree (Casuarina equisetifolia Forst.) from a Subtropical Forest
K. Hata, K. Kawakami, and N. Kachi

Influence of Central Pacific Oceanographic Conditions on the Potential Vertical Habitat of Four Tropical Tuna Species No Access

Alison L. Deary, Skye Moret-Ferguson, Mary Engels, Erik Zettler, Gary Jaroslow and Gorka Sancho

New Zealand Blue Whales: Residency, Morphology, and Feeding Behavior of a Little-Known Population

Paula A. Olson, Paul Ensor, Carlos Olavarria, Nadine Bott, Rochelle Constantine, Jody Weir, Simon Childerhouse, Miranda van der Linde, Natalie Schmitt, Brian S. Miller and Michael C. Double

Spongivory in the Wakatobi Marine National Park, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia No Access

Abigail Powell, Timothy Jones, David J. Smith, Jamaluddin Jompa and James J. Bell

Grapsoid and Gall Crabs (Crustacea: Brachyura: Grapsoidea and Cryptochiroidea) of Easter Island No Access

Christopher B. Boyko and Alyssa Liguori

First Records of Striped Boarfish Evistias acutirostris and Ornate Butterflyfish Chaetodon ornatissimus from Easter Island No Access

Sebastián Hernández, Michel García, Carlos F. Gaymer and Alan M. Friedlander

Reptile Remains from Tiga (Tokanod), Loyalty Islands, New Caledonia No Access

Juan D. Daza, Aaron M. Bauer, Christophe Sand, Ian Lilley, Thomas A. Wake and Frédérique Valentin

Has the Small Indian Mongoose Become Established on Kaua‘i Island, Hawai‘i? No Access

David C. Duffy, Daniela Dutra Elliott, Georgia M. Hart, Keren Gundersen, Joseph Aguon-Kona, Randy Bartlett, Jean Fujikawa, Patrick Gmelin, Cleve Javier, Larry Kaneholani, Tiffani Keanini, Joseph Kona, Julia Parish, Jay F. Penniman and Aaron Works

Association Affairs, 573–577

Pacific Science, vol. 69, no. 3 (2015)

Posted on by pwilson6

July 2015 issue of Pacific Science now available on BioOne

ARTICLES

On the Origin of Sympatric Fruit Doves in a Small and Remote Pacific ArchipelagoNo Access
Alice Cibois, Jean-Claude Thibault, Jean-Yves Meyer and Eric Pasquet, 299ps.69.3_cover

Abstract: Fruit doves of the genus Ptilinopus (Columbidae) form a large group of more than 50 species that have been successful in colonizing most of the Pacific Ocean, with sympatric species on several small oceanic islands. A recent new phylogeny of this genus and allies by Cibois and coworkers showed that all these cases of sympatry derived from multiple independent colonizations, with the exception of the Marquesas Islands (eastern Polynesia), where the two fruit doves that occurred sympatrically are sister species: the Red-moustached Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus mercierii, and the White-capped Fruit Dove, Ptilinopus dupetithouarsii. Both Marquesas fruit doves coexisted on several Marquesas islands until the recent extinction of the Red-moustached Fruit Dove. Here, we analyze their morphology, review their life history, and discuss the two most likely scenarios for the divergence of the two species, in light of the geological history of the Marquesas hot-spot volcanoes (5.5–1.1 Ma). The microallopatry scenario takes into account the large initial size of the islands and involves partitioning of the fruit doves’ distributions within the same island, whereas in the intra-archipelago scenario, the birds’ speciation occurred on different islands, in conjunction with their sequential emergence. We discuss both hypotheses and conclude that estimated time of divergence of the two species and known ecology of the birds favor the intra-archipelago scenario.

Continue reading “Pacific Science, vol. 69, no. 3 (2015)”

Pacific Science, vol. 69, no. 2 (2015)

Posted on by pwilson6

April 2015 issue of Pacific Science now available on BioOne

ARTICLES

Biology and Impacts of Pacific Island Invasive Species. 11. Cinchona pubescens (Red Quinine Tree) (Rubiaceae)PacificScience69_2cover
Heinke Jäger, 133

Abstract: Cinchona pubescens Vahl (red quinine) is an evergreen tree ranging in height from 10 to 25 m with broad leaves and white or pink fragrant flowers arranged in clusters. Growing at altitudes between 130 and 3,300 m, it is one of 23 species in the genus Cinchona and has a natural distribution from Costa Rica to Bolivia. Cinchona pubescens has been cultivated in tropical regions (e.g., in South America, Africa, China, India, and Indonesia) for its quinine-containing bark and has become invasive in some regions. This is especially the case in the Pacific region, where C. pubescens has invaded humid highland areas of Galápagos, Hawai‘i, and Tahiti. It shades out and reduces cover of native plant species and adversely affects endemic birds. In addition, it changes microclimate and nutrient cycling in the soil, especially phosphorus, in Galápagos. Characteristics that make it such a successful invader include production of numerous, windborne seeds and vigorous vegetative reproduction by resprouting from underground stems and fallen trees. In Galápagos, C. pubescens is currently being manually controlled by uprooting the trees and by applying herbicides to cuts in the bark. However, this method requires continuous hand pulling of seedlings to be successful. Disturbance by control actions appears to facilitate establishment and invasion by other nonnative plant species, especially blackberry (Rubus niveus). Quinine and other alkaloids extracted from Cinchona bark are still being used for medicinal purposes today and the wood is increasingly used as construction material in Galápagos. Ironically, C. pubescens is now considered rare and endangered in its native range in Ecuador.

Continue reading “Pacific Science, vol. 69, no. 2 (2015)”

MENU