The Hawaiian Kingdom—Volume 3: The Kalakaua Dynasty, 1874–1893

The colorful history of the Hawaiian Islands, since their discovery in 1778 by the great British navigator Captain James Cook, falls naturally into three periods. During the first, Hawaii was a monarchy ruled by native kings and queens. Then came the perilous transition period when new leaders, after failing to secure annexation to the United States, set up a miniature republic. The third period began in 1898 when Hawaii by annexation became American territory.

The Hawaiian Kingdom, by Ralph S. Kuykendall, is the detailed story of the island monarchy. In the first volume, “Foundation and Transformation,” the author gives a brief sketch of old Hawaii before the coming of the Europeans, based on the known and accepted accounts of this early period. He then shows how the arrival of sea rovers, traders, soldiers of forture, whalers, scoundrels, missionaries, and statesmen transformed the native kingdom, and how the foundations of modern Hawaii were laid.

In the second volume, “Twenty Critical Years,” the author deals with the middle period of the kingdom's history, when Hawaii was trying to insure her independence while world powers maneuvered for dominance in the Pacific. It was an important period with distinct and well-marked characteristics, but the noteworthy changes and advances which occurred have received less attention from students of history than they deserve. Much of the material is taken from manuscript sources and appears in print for the first time in the second volume.

The third and final volume of this distinguished trilogy, “The Kalakaua Dynasty,” covers the colorful reign of King Kalakaua, the Merry Monarch, and the brief and tragic rule of his successor, Queen Liliuokalani. This volume is enlivened by such controversial personages as Claus Spreckels, Walter Murray Gibson, and Celso Caesar Moreno. Through it runs the thread of the reciprocity treaty with the United States, its stimulating effect upon the island economy, and the far-reaching consequences of immigration from the Orient to supply plantation labor. The trilogy closes with the events leading to the downfall of the Hawaiian monarchy and the establishment of the Provisional Government in 1893.

• Ralph S. Kuykendall, Author

  Ralph S. Kuykendall was professor emeritus of history and Honorary Doctor of Humane Letters at the University of Hawaii when he died in 1963, at age 78. He came to the Islands in 1922 at the invitation of the Historical Commission of the Territory of Hawaii, bringing with him an extensive background of historical experience and training on the mainland. After serving as executive secretary of the Historical Commission until 1932, he joined the department of history at the University of Hawaii. Other published works by Kuykendall include A History of Hawaii; Hawaiian Diplomatic Correspondence in the Archives of the Department of State, Washington, D.C.; Constitutions of the Hawaiian Kingdom; and numerous research articles on phases of the history of Hawaii and California. He was also coauthor of Hawaii: A History and editor and principal author of Hawaii in the World War. The Hawaiian Kingdom trilogy is a fitting memorial to this dean of Hawaiian historians.

• The indispensable work of traditional Hawaiian historiography.
  —The Nation
• A trilogy of magnificent conception.
  —Library Journal
• [Kuykendall’s three volumes are] classics of Pacific history.
  —Journal of Pacific History
• On Hawaii‘s early political and economic relations with the outside world, [Kuykendall] remains authoritative. On a host of other topics he remains instructive. As a guide to sources his work is invaluable. . . . It was the best that had been done up to his time, and in many ways it remains the best.
  —Gavan Daws